> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://cockroachlabs.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Data Types

export const InternalLink = ({version, path = "", children, ...props}) => {
  let detectedVersion = version || "stable";
  if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && !version) {
    const match = window.location.pathname.match(/\/docs\/([^/]+)/);
    if (match) {
      detectedVersion = match[1];
    }
  }
  const normalizedPath = path.startsWith("/") ? path.slice(1) : path;
  return <a href={`/docs/${detectedVersion}/${normalizedPath}`} {...props}>
      {children}
    </a>;
};

## Supported types

CockroachDB supports the following data types.

| Type                                                                         | Description                                                                                                                                                            | Example                                                                                                  |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| <InternalLink path="array">`ARRAY`</InternalLink>                            | A 1-dimensional, 1-indexed, homogeneous array of any non-array data type.                                                                                              | `{"sky","road","car"}`                                                                                   |
| <InternalLink path="bit">`BIT`</InternalLink>                                | A string of binary digits (bits).                                                                                                                                      | `B'10010101'`                                                                                            |
| <InternalLink path="bool">`BOOL`</InternalLink>                              | A Boolean value.                                                                                                                                                       | `true`                                                                                                   |
| <InternalLink path="bytes">`BYTES`</InternalLink>                            | A string of binary characters.                                                                                                                                         | `b'\141\061\142\062\143\063'`                                                                            |
| <InternalLink path="collate">`COLLATE`</InternalLink>                        | The `COLLATE` feature lets you sort <InternalLink path="string">`STRING`</InternalLink> values according to language- and country-specific rules, known as collations. | `'a1b2c3' COLLATE en`                                                                                    |
| <InternalLink path="date">`DATE`</InternalLink>                              | A date.                                                                                                                                                                | `DATE '2016-01-25'`                                                                                      |
| <InternalLink path="decimal">`DECIMAL`</InternalLink>                        | An exact, fixed-point number.                                                                                                                                          | `1.2345`                                                                                                 |
| <InternalLink path="enum">`ENUM`</InternalLink>                              | A user-defined data type comprised of a set of static values.                                                                                                          | `ENUM ('club, 'diamond', 'heart', 'spade')`                                                              |
| <InternalLink path="float">`FLOAT`</InternalLink>                            | A 64-bit, inexact, floating-point number.                                                                                                                              | `1.2345`                                                                                                 |
| <InternalLink path="inet">`INET`</InternalLink>                              | An IPv4 or IPv6 address.                                                                                                                                               | `192.168.0.1`                                                                                            |
| <InternalLink path="int">`INT`</InternalLink>                                | A signed integer, up to 64 bits.                                                                                                                                       | `12345`                                                                                                  |
| <InternalLink path="interval">`INTERVAL`</InternalLink>                      | A span of time.                                                                                                                                                        | `INTERVAL '2h30m30s'`                                                                                    |
| <InternalLink path="null-handling">`NULL`</InternalLink>                     | The undefined value.                                                                                                                                                   | `NULL`                                                                                                   |
| <InternalLink path="jsonb">`JSONB`</InternalLink>                            | JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data.                                                                                                                                | `'{"first_name": "Lola", "last_name": "Dog", "location": "NYC", "online" : true, "friends" : 547}'`      |
| <InternalLink path="oid">`OID`</InternalLink>                                | An unsigned 32-bit integer.                                                                                                                                            | `4294967295`                                                                                             |
| <InternalLink path="serial">`SERIAL`</InternalLink>                          | A pseudo-type that combines an <InternalLink path="int">integer type</InternalLink> with a <InternalLink path="default-value">`DEFAULT` expression</InternalLink>.     | `148591304110702593`                                                                                     |
| <InternalLink path="string">`STRING`</InternalLink>                          | A string of Unicode characters.                                                                                                                                        | `'a1b2c3'`                                                                                               |
| <InternalLink path="time">`TIME`<br />`TIMETZ`</InternalLink>                | `TIME` stores a time of day in UTC.<br /> `TIMETZ` converts `TIME` values with a specified time zone offset from UTC.                                                  | `TIME '01:23:45.123456'`<br /> `TIMETZ '01:23:45.123456-5:00'`                                           |
| <InternalLink path="timestamp">`TIMESTAMP`<br />`TIMESTAMPTZ`</InternalLink> | `TIMESTAMP` stores a date and time pairing in UTC.<br />`TIMESTAMPTZ` converts `TIMESTAMP` values with a specified time zone offset from UTC.                          | `TIMESTAMP '2016-01-25 10:10:10'`<br />`TIMESTAMPTZ '2016-01-25 10:10:10-05:00'`                         |
| <InternalLink path="tsquery">`TSQUERY`</InternalLink>                        | New in v23.1: A list of lexemes and operators used in <InternalLink path="full-text-search">full-text search</InternalLink>.                                           | `'list' & 'lexem' & 'oper' & 'use' & 'full' & 'text' & 'search'`                                         |
| <InternalLink path="tsvector">`TSVECTOR`</InternalLink>                      | New in v23.1: A list of lexemes with optional integer positions and weights used in <InternalLink path="full-text-search">full-text search</InternalLink>.             | `'full':13 'integ':7 'lexem':4 'list':2 'option':6 'posit':8 'search':15 'text':14 'use':11 'weight':10` |
| <InternalLink path="uuid">`UUID`</InternalLink>                              | A 128-bit hexadecimal value.                                                                                                                                           | `7f9c24e8-3b12-4fef-91e0-56a2d5a246ec`                                                                   |

## Data type conversions and casts

CockroachDB supports explicit type conversions using the following methods:

* `<type 'string literal'`, to convert from the literal representation of a value to a value of that type. For example:
  `DATE '2008-12-21'`, `INT '123'`, or `BOOL 'true'`.

* `<value::<data type`, or its equivalent longer form `CAST(<value AS <data type>)`, which converts an arbitrary expression of one built-in type to another (this is also known as type coercion or "casting"). For example:
  `NOW()::DECIMAL`, `VARIANCE(a+2)::INT`.

<Tip>
  To create constant values, consider using a
  type annotation
  instead of a cast, as it provides more predictable results.
</Tip>

* Other <InternalLink path="functions-and-operators">built-in conversion functions</InternalLink> when the type is not a SQL type, for example `from_ip()`, `to_ip()` to convert IP addresses between `STRING` and `BYTES` values.

CockroachDB also supports implicit casting from string literals to arrays of all data types except the following:

* <InternalLink path="bytes">`BYTES`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="enum">`ENUM`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="jsonb">`JSONB`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="serial">`SERIAL`</InternalLink>
* `Box2D` <InternalLink path="architecture/glossary#data-types">(spatial type)</InternalLink>
* `GEOGRAPHY` <InternalLink path="architecture/glossary#data-types">(spatial type)</InternalLink>
* `GEOMETRY` <InternalLink path="architecture/glossary#data-types">(spatial type)</InternalLink>

For an example, see <InternalLink path="array#implicit-casting">Implicit casting to `ARRAY`s</InternalLink>.

You can find each data type's supported conversion and casting on its
respective page in its section **Supported casting & conversion**.

## See also

* <InternalLink path="create-type">`CREATE TYPE`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="alter-type">`ALTER TYPE`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="drop-type">`DROP TYPE`</InternalLink>
* <InternalLink path="show-types">`SHOW TYPES`</InternalLink>