What's New in v24.2 - CockroachDB

CockroachDB v24.2 is an optional . This version can be skipped for CockroachDB Advanced and self-hosted clusters. It is unavailable for CockroachDB Standard and CockroachDB Basic clusters.

For a summary of the most significant changes in v24.2, refer to Feature highlights.
Before , review the backward-incompatible changes, including key cluster setting changes and deprecations; as well as newly identified known limtiations.
For details about the support window for this release type, review the .
For details about all supported releases, the release schedule, and licenses, refer to .
After downloading a supported CockroachDB binary, learn how to or .

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v24.2.10

Release Date: February 6, 2025

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.10.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.10.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.10.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.10.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.10.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.10.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.10.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.10.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.10.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.10.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

Multi-platform images include support for both Intel and ARM. Multi-platform images do not take up additional space on your Docker host. Within the multi-platform image, both Intel and ARM images are generally available for production use. To download the Docker image:

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.10

General changes

The protected timestamp (PTS) records of running changefeeds are now updated when the set of targets changes, such as when system tables are added to the protected tables list.

SQL language changes

The legacy_varchar_typing session setting has been added, which reverts the changes of that cause the change in typing behavior described in. Specifically, it makes type-checking and overload resolution ignore the newly added “unpreferred” overloads. This setting defaults to on.
Since v23.2 table statistics histograms had been collected for non-indexed JSON columns. Histograms are no longer collected for these columns if the sql.stats.non_indexed_json_histograms.enabled cluster setting is set to false. This reduces memory usage during table statistics collection, for both automatic and manual collection via ANALYZE and CREATE STATISTICS.
Added support for a new index hint, AVOID_FULL_SCAN, which will prevent the optimizer from planning a full scan for the specified table if any other plan is possible. The hint can be used in the same way as other existing index hints. For example, SELECT * FROM table_name@{AVOID_FULL_SCAN};. This hint is similar to NO_FULL_SCAN, but will not error if a full scan cannot be avoided. Note that normally a full scan of a partial index would not be considered a “full scan” for the purposes of the NO_FULL_SCAN and AVOID_FULL_SCAN hints, but if the user has explicitly forced the partial index via FORCE_INDEX=index_name, CockroachDB does consider it a full scan.
Added the optimizer_prefer_bounded_cardinality session setting, which instructs the optimizer to prefer query plans where every expression has a guaranteed upper-bound on the number of rows it will process. This may help the optimizer produce better query plans in some cases. This setting is disabled by default.
Added the optimizer_min_row_count session setting, which sets a lower bound on row count estimates for relational expressions during query planning. A value of 0, which is the default, indicates no lower bound. Note that if this is set to a value greater than 0, a row count of zero can still be estimated for expressions with a cardinality of zero, e.g., for a contradictory filter. Setting this to a value higher than 0, such as 1, may yield better query plans in some cases, such as when statistics are frequently stale and inaccurate.

Operational changes

Schema object identifiers (e.g., database names, schema names, table names, function names, and type names) are no longer redacted when logging statements in the EXEC or SQL_SCHEMA log channels. If redaction of these names is required, then the new cluster setting sql.log.redact_names.enabled can be set to true. The default value of the setting is false.
Added a metric, sql.schema_changer.object_count, that keeps track of the count of schema objects in the cluster.
The changefeed.max_behind_nanos metric now supports scoping with metrics labels.

Bug fixes

CLOSE CURSOR statements are now allowed in read-only transactions, similar to PostgreSQL. This bug had been present since at least v23.1.
ALTER BACKUP SCHEDULE no longer fails on schedules whose collection URI contains a space.
Previously, SHOW CREATE TABLE was showing incorrect data with regard to inverted indexes. It now shows the correct data in a format that can be repeatedly entered back into CockroachDB to recreate the same table.
Fixed a timing issue between ALTER VIEW.. RENAME and DROP VIEW that caused repeated failures in the DROP VIEW job.
Fixed a bug where querying the pg_catalog.pg_constraint table while the schema changer was dropping a constraint could result in a query error.
Queries that perform a cast from the string representation of an array containing GEOMETRY or GEOGRAPHY types to a SQL ARRAY type will now succeed.
Fixed a bug where secondary tenants could fatal when issuing HTTP requests during tenant startup.
Fixed a bug where CockroachDB could encounter an internal error comparison of two different versions of enum in some cases when a user-defined type was modified within a transaction and subsequent statements read the column of that user-defined type. The bug was introduced in v24.2.
When the session variable allow_role_memberships_to_change_during_transaction is set, it is now possible to create and drop users quickly even when there are contending transactions on the system.users and system.role_options system tables.
Fixed a bug where the error batch timestamp... must be after replica GC threshold could occur during a schema change backfill operation, and cause the schema change job to retry infinitely. Now this error is treated as permanent, and will cause the job to enter the failed state.

v24.2.9

Release Date: January 31, 2025

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.9.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.9.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.9.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.9.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.9.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.9.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.9.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.9.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.9.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.9.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.9

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that could cause SHOW TABLES and other introspection operations to encounter a "batch timestamp... must be after replica GC threshold" error.

v24.2.8

Release Date: January 9, 2025

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.8.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.8.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.8.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.8.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.8.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.8.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.8.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.8.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.8.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.8.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.8

General changes

To improve the granularity of changefeed pipeline metrics, the changefeed metrics changefeed.admit_latency and changefeed.commit_latency have histogram buckets from 5ms to 60m (previously 500ms to 5m ). The following changefeed metrics have histogram buckets from 5ms to 10m (previously 500ms to 5m ):
- changefeed.parallel_io_queue_nanos
- changefeed.parallel_io_result_queue_nanos
- changefeed.sink_batch_hist_nanos
- changefeed.flush_hist_nanos
- changefeed.kafka_throttling_hist_nanos
Added support for multiple seed brokers in the new Kafka sink.
Added a new metric ( distsender.rangefeed.catchup_ranges_waiting_client_side ) that counts how many rangefeeds are waiting on the client-side limiter to start performing catchup scans.
Added changefeed support for the mvcc_timestamp option with the avro format. If both options are specified, the Avro schema includes an mvcc_timestamp metadata field and emits the row’s MVCC timestamp with the row data.
Added a no-op AWS_USE_PATH_STYLE parameter for forward compatibility with v24.3.

SQL language changes

Added the legacy_varchar_typing session setting, which reverts the changes of that causes the change in typing behavior described in. Specifically, it makes type-checking and overload resolution ignore the newly added “unpreferred” overloads. This setting defaults to on.

Operational changes

Removed the sql.auth.resolve_membership_single_scan.enabled cluster setting. This was added out of precaution in case it was necessary to revert back to the old behavior for looking up role memberships, but this escape hatch has never been needed in practice since this was added in v23.1.
Telemetry delivery is now considered successful even in cases where we experience a network timeout. This will prevent throttling in cases outside an operator’s control.
When a schema change job is completed, rolls back, or encounters a failure, the time taken since the job began is now logged in a structured log in the SQL_SCHEMA log channel.
Added a new configurable parameter kv.transaction.max_intents_and_locks that will prevent transactions from creating too many intents.
Added the metric txn.count_limit_rejected, which tracks the KV transactions that have been aborted because they exceeded the max number of writes and locking reads allowed.
Added the metric txn.count_limit_on_response, which tracks the number of KV transactions that have exceeded the count limit on a response.

Bug fixes

ALTER COLUMN SET NOT NULL was not enforced consistently when the table was created in the same transaction.
Fixed a bug where CREATE RELATION / TYPE could leave dangling namespace entries if the schema was concurrently being dropped.
The idle_in_session_timeout setting now excludes the time spent waiting for schema changer jobs to complete, preventing unintended session termination during schema change operations.
Fixed a bug that causes the optimizer to use stale table statistics after altering an ENUM type used in the table.
Table statistics collection in CockroachDB could previously run into no bytes in account to release errors in some edge cases (when the SQL memory budget, configured via --max-sql-memory flag, was close to being exhausted). The bug has been present since v21.2 and is now fixed.
CockroachDB now better respects the statement_timeout limit on queries involving the top K sort and merge join operations.
Fixed an issue where license enforcement was not consistently disabled for single-node clusters started with cockroach start-single-node. The fix ensures proper behavior on cluster restarts.
Fixed a bug that caused queries against tables with user-defined types to sometimes fail with errors after restoring those tables.
Fixed a bug that caused an incorrect filesystem to be logged as part of the store information.
Fixed a bug that has existed since v24.1 that would cause a set-returning UDF with OUT parameters to return a single row.
Fixed a bug that could cause an internal error if a table with an implicit ( rowid ) primary key was locked from within a subquery, like: SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM foo WHERE x = 2) FOR UPDATE;. The error could occur either under read-committed isolation, or with optimizer_use_lock_op_for_serializable enabled.
Fixed an issue where adding an existing column with the IF NOT EXISTS option could exit too early, skipping necessary handling of the abstract syntax tree (AST). This could lead to failure of the ALTER statement.
Fixed a bug related to displaying the names of composite types in the SHOW CREATE TABLES command. The names are now shown as two-part names, which disambiguates the output and makes it more portable to other databases.
Fixed an issue where a schema change could incorrectly cause a changefeed to fail with an assertion error like received boundary timestamp... of type... before reaching existing boundary of type....
Internal scans are now exempt from the sql.defaults.disallow_full_table_scans.enabled setting, allowing index creation even when the cluster setting is active.

Performance improvements

Improved the internal caching logic for role membership information. This reduces the latency impact of commands such as DROP ROLE, CREATE ROLE, and GRANT role TO user, which cause the role membership cache to be invalidated.

v24.2.7

Release Date: December 26, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.7.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.7.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.7.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.7.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.7.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.7.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.7.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.7.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.7.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.7.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.7

SQL language changes

Added the legacy_varchar_typing session setting. When set to on, type-checking comparisons involving VARCHAR columns behave as they did in all previous versions. When set to off, type-checking of these comparisons is more strict and queries that previously succeeded may now error with the message unsupported comparison operator. These errors can be fixed by adding explicit type casts. The legacy_varchar_typing session setting is on by default.

v24.2.6

Release Date: December 12, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.6.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.6.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.6.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.6.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.6.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.6.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.6.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.6.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.6.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.6.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.6

Security updates

All cluster settings that accept strings are now fully redacted when transmitted as part of diagnostics telemetry. This payload includes a record of modified cluster settings and their values when they are not strings. Customers who previously applied the mitigations in can safely set the value of cluster setting server.redact_sensitive_settings.enabled to false and turn on diagnostic reporting via the diagnostics.reporting.enabled cluster setting without leaking sensitive cluster settings values.

General changes

COCKROACH_SKIP_ENABLING_DIAGNOSTIC_REPORTING is no longer mentioned in the cockroach demo command.
Added system.users to the list of system tables that changefeeds protect with protected timestamps. This table is required for change data capture queries.

Operational changes

The goschedstats.always_use_short_sample_period.enabled setting should be set to true for any production cluster, to prevent unnecessary queuing in admission control CPU queues.
Added a new cluster setting ui.database_locality_metadata.enabled that allows operators to disable loading extended database and table region information in the DB Console Database and Table pages. This information can cause significant CPU load on large clusters with many ranges. Versions of this page from v24.3 and later do not have this problem. If customers require this data, they can use the SHOW RANGES FROM {DATABASE| TABLE} query via SQL to compute on-demand.
Row-level TTL jobs now periodically log progress by showing the number of table spans that have been processed so far.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that caused non-reusable query plans, e.g., plans for DDL and SHOW... statements, to be cached and reused in future executions, possibly causing stale results to be returned. This bug only occurred when plan_cache_mode was set to auto or force_generic_plan, both of which are not currently the default settings.
Previously, CockroachDB could encounter an internal error of the form interface conversion: coldata.Column is in an edge case and this is now fixed. The bug is present in v22.2.13+, v23.1.9+, v23.2+.
Fixed a bug that caused incorrect NOT NULL constraint violation errors on UPSERT and INSERT.. ON CONFLICT.. DO UPDATE statements when those statements updated an existing row and a subset of columns that did not include a NOT NULL column of the table. This bug has been present since at least v20.1.0.
Fixed an unhandled error that could occur when using REVOKE... ON SEQUENCE FROM... user on an object that is not a sequence.
Addressed a panic inside CREATE TABLE AS if sequence builtin expressions had invalid function overloads.
STRING constants can now be compared against collated strings.
When executing queries with index / lookup joins when the ordering needs to be maintained, previously CockroachDB could experience increased query latency, possibly by several orders of magnitude. This bug was introduced in v22.2 and is now fixed.
Fixed a minor bug where DISCARD ALL statements were counted under the sql.ddl.count metric. Now these will be counted under the sql.misc.count metric.
Addressed a bug with DROP CASCADE that would occasionally panic with an undropped backref message on partitioned tables.
Reduced the duration of partitions in the gossip network when a node crashes in order to eliminate false positives in the ranges.unavailable metric.
Non- admin users that run DROP ROLE IF EXISTS on a user that does not exist will no longer receive an error message.
Fixed a bug that caused quotes around the name of a routine to be dropped when it was called within another routine. This could prevent the correct routine from being resolved if the nested routine name was case sensitive. The bug has existed since v24.1, when nested routines were introduced.
Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect query results when the optimizer planned a lookup join on an index containing a column of type CHAR(N), VARCHAR(N), BIT(N), VARBIT(N), or DECIMAL(M, N), and the query held that column constant to a single value (e.g., with an equality filter).
Fixed an unhandled error that would occur if DROP SCHEMA was executed on the public schema of the system database, or on an internal schema like pg_catalog or information_schema.
Fixed a bug that caused incorrect evaluation of some binary expressions involving CHAR(N) values and untyped string literals with trailing whitespace characters. For example, the expression 'f'::CHAR = 'f ' now correctly evaluates to true.
Fixed a bug where ALTER DATABASE operations that modify the zone config would hang if an invalid zone config already exists.
CREATE SCHEMA now returns the correct error if a the schema name is missing.
Using more than one DECLARE statment in the definition of a user-defined function now correctly declares additional variables.
Fixed a bug where CockroachDB would encounter an internal error when evaluating FETCH ABSOLUTE 0 statements. The bug has been present since v22.1.
Fixed an issue where corrupted table statistics could cause the cockroach process to crash.
Fixed a bug that causes the optimizer to use stale table statistics after altering an ENUM type used in the table.

v24.2.5

Release Date: November 18, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.5.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.5.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.5.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.5.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.5.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.5.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.5.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.5.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.5.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.5.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.5

Security updates

Host-based authentication (HBA) configuration entries for LDAP will be evaluated for proper LDAP parameter values, and a valid and complete list of authentication method options is now required to amend HBA settings.
You can now authenticate to the DB Console by passing a JWT as the bearer token.

General changes

Change the license cockroach is distributed under to the new CockroachDB Software License.
The cluster setting diagnostics.reporting.enabled is now ignored if the cluster has an Enterprise Trial or Enterprise Free license, or if the license cannot be loaded.
The new metrics changefeed.sink_errors and changefeed.internal_retry_message_count allow you to observe the rate of errors and internal retries for a sink, respectively.
Added a timer for inner sink client flushes.

DB Console changes

The DB Console now shows a warning if the cluster is throttled or will be throttled soon due to an expired Enterprise Free or Enterprise Trial license or due to missing telemetry data. Clusters with an Enterprise license are not throttled.
The Range Count column on the Databases page is no longer shown due to performance issues. This data is still available via the SHOW RANGES command.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug where timers were not correctly registered with the metric system.
Fixed a bug where the command-line interface would not correctly escape JSON values that had double quotes inside a string when using the --format=sql flag.
Fixed an error that could occur if a SET command used an aggregate function as the value.
Fixed a bug where ordering by VECTOR columns could result in an internal error in some cases. Now an unimplemented error is returned instead.
Added automated clean-up/validation for dropped roles inside default privileges.
Fixed a bug that that caused incorrect evaluation of a CASE, COALESCE, or IF expression with a branch that produced fixed-width string-like types, such as CHAR.
Fixed a bug that could cause the BPCHAR type to incorrectly impose a length limit of 1.
Fixed a rare bug that could prevent a backup from being restored and could cause the error rewriting descriptor ids: missing rewrite for <id> in SequenceOwner.... This bug could occur only if a DROP COLUMN operation dropped a sequence while the backup was running.
Fixed a bug introduced in v23.1 that could cause incorrect results when a join evaluates columns with equivalent but non-identical types, such as OID and REGCLASS, for equality. The issue arises when the join performs an index lookup on an index that includes a computed column referencing one of the equivalent columns.
Fixed a bug introduced before v23.1 that could cause a composite sensitive expression to compare differently if comparing equivalent but non-identical input values, such as 2.0::DECIMAL and 2.00::DECIMAL. The issue arises when the join performs an index lookup on a table with a computed index column where the computed column expression is composite sensitive.
Fixed a bug where a span statistics request on a mixed-version cluster could result in a null pointer exception.
Updated the franz-go library to fix a potential deadlock when a changefeed restarts.
Fixed a bug where a changefeed could fail to update protected timestamp records after a retryable error.
Fixed a bug where a changefeed that used change data capture queries could fail after a system table was garbage collected.
Fixed a rare bug introduced in v22.2 where an update of a primary key column could fail to update the primary index if it is also the only column in a separate column family.
Fixed a bug where the proretset column of the pg_catalog.pg_proc table was incorrectly set to false for builtin functions that return a set.
Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect evaluation of scalar expressions with NULL values.
Fixed a rare bug in the query optimizer that could cause a node to crash if a query contained a filter in the form col IN (elem0, elem1,..., elemN) when N is very large, in the order of millions, and when col exists in a hash-sharded index or when a table with an indexed computed column depends on col.
Fixed a bug where an ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR target_role... command could result in an erroneous privilege error when run by a user with the admin role.
Fixed a bug where a REASSIGN OWNED BY command would fail to transfer ownership of the public schema, even when the schema was owned by the target role.
Fixed a panic when resolving the types of an AS OF SYSTEM TIME expression.
Fixed a bug that could cause new connections to fail with the following error after upgrading: ERROR: invalid value for parameter "vectorize": "unknown(1)" SQLSTATE: 22023 HINT: Available values: off,on,experimental_always. To encounter this bug, the cluster must have:
1. Run on version v21.1 at some point in the past.
2. Run SET CLUSTER SETTING sql.defaults.vectorize = 'on'; while running v21.1.
3. Not set sql.defaults.vectorize after upgrading past v21.1 4.
4. Subsequently upgraded to v24.2. To detect this bug, run the following query:
  SELECT * FROM system.settings WHERE name = 'sql.defaults.vectorize
  If the command returns 1 instead of on, run the following statement before upgrading.
  RESET CLUSTER SETTING sql.defaults.vectorize;
  1 is now allowed as a value for this setting, and is equivalent to on.
Fixed a rare bug that could cause unnecessarily high disk usage in the presence of high rebalance activity.

Performance improvements

Performance has been improved during periodic polling of table history when schema_locked is not used.

v24.2.4

Release Date: October 17, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.4.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.4.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.4.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.4.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.4.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.4.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.4.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.4.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.4.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.4.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.4

Enterprise edition changes

Updated the cluster setting with all the that support the setting.
Added two network metrics, changefeed.network.bytes_in and changefeed.network.bytes_out. These metrics track the number of bytes sent by individual to the following sinks:
- . If , the metric will have a kafka label.
- . If child metrics are enabled, the metric will have a webhook label.
- . If child metrics are enabled, the metric will have a pubsub label.
- . If child metrics are enabled, the metric will have a sql label.
Added a changefeed.total_ranges metric that can be used to monitor the number of ranges that are watched by aggregators. It shares the same polling interval as changefeed.lagging_ranges, which is controlled by the existing lagging_ranges_polling_interval option.
Disambiguated and for the two buffers used by the KV feed. The following metrics now have a suffix indicating which buffer they correspond to: changefeed.buffer_entries.*, changefeed.buffer_entries_mem.*, or changefeed.buffer_pushback_nanos.*. The previous metric names are retained for backward compatibility.
Added timers and corresponding [metrics](https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/v24.2/metrics.html for key parts of the pipeline to help debug issues with feeds. The changefeed.stage.{stage}.latency metrics now emit latency histograms for each stage. The metrics respect the changefeed scope label to debug a specific feed.

SQL language changes

The enforce_home_region_follower_reads_enabled is now deprecated, in favor of enforce_home_region. The deprecated variable will be removed in a future release.

Operational changes

Added the new ranges.decommissioning to show the number of ranges that have a replica on a .
You can now configure the log format for the by setting the stderr.format field in the .

DB Console changes

Streamlined legends by removing the name of the chart from labels, where it was an identical prefix for all labels on the chart.
The now shows a notification if the cluster has no Enterprise license set. Refer to upcoming license changes for more information.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that could prevent when attempting to resolve a large number of corrupt descriptors.
Fixed a potential memory leak in using a . The memory leak could occur if both and changefeed.cloudstorage.async_flush.enabled were true, and the changefeed received an error while attempting to write to the cloud storage sink.
Fixed a bug where zone configuration changes issued by the were not blocked if a table had schema_locked set.
Fixed a bug in which some or queries using NOWAIT could still block on locked rows when using the optimizer_use_lock_op_for_serializable under isolation. This bug was introduced with in v23.2.0.
Fixed a bug that caused the to plan unnecessary post-query uniqueness checks during , , and statements on tables with , . These unnecessary checks added overhead to execution of these statements, and caused the statements to error when executed under isolation.
Fixed a bug that could result in the inability to garbage collect an range tombstone within a .
Fixed a bug where a connection could be dropped if the client was attempting a while the same schema objects were being dropped.
Fixed a bug introduced in v23.2 where the clause would incorrectly allow tuples containing NULL elements, e.g. (1, NULL) or (NULL, NULL).
Fixed a bug that could cause errors with the message internal error: Non-nullable column... when executing statements under isolation that involved tables with .
Fixed a bug where were not considered when implicit authentication was used.
Fixed a bug introduced in v23.1 that can cause incorrect query results under the following conditions:
1. The query contains a correlated subquery.
2. The correlated subquery has a GroupBy or DistinctOn operator with an outer-column reference in its input.
3. The correlated subquery is in the input of a SELECT or JOIN clause that has a filter that sets the outer-column reference equal to an inner column that is in the input of the grouping operator.
4. The set of grouping columns does not include the replacement column explicitly.
Fixed a bug where jobs created in a session with a timezone offset configured could fail to start or could report an incorrect creation time in the output of and in the .
Fixed a bug that could prevent a from resuming after a prolonged .
Fixed a bug where backup schedules could advance a protected timestamp too early, which caused incremental backups to fail.

Performance improvements

The now plans limited scans in more cases when the new optimizer_push_limit_into_project_filtered_scan is set to on.
Reduced the write-amplification impact of rebalances by splitting snapshot before ingesting them into .

v24.2.3

Release Date: September 25, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.3.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.3.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.3.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.3.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.3.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.3.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.3.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.3.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.3.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.3.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.3

Enterprise edition changes

Added a changefeed.protect_timestamp.lag metric, which controls how much the changefeed should lag behind the . A changefeed now only updates its PTS if changefeed.protect_timestamp.lag has passed between the last PTS and the changefeed high-water mark.
Added two network metrics, changefeed.network.bytes_in and changefeed.network.bytes_out. These metrics track the number of bytes sent by individual changefeeds to the following sinks:
- . If are enabled, the metric will have a kafka label.
- . If are enabled, the metric will have a webhook label.
- . If are enabled, the metric will have a pubsub label.
- . If are enabled, the metric will have a sql label.

Operational changes

Added a new configuration parameter, server.cidr_mapping_url, which maps IPv4 CIDR blocks to arbitrary tag names.
Modified the metrics sql.bytesin and sql.bytesout to become aggregation metrics if are enabled.
Added three new network tracking metrics:
- rpc.connection.connected is the number of rRPC TCP-level connections established to remote nodes.
- rpc.client.bytes.egress is the number of TCP bytes sent via gRPC on connections initiated by CockroachDB.
- rpc.client.bytes.ingress is the number of TCP bytes received via gRPC on connections initiated by CockroachDB.

DB Console changes

Users with the VIEWACTIVITY can now download from the DB Console.
Users with the VIEWACTIVITY can now request, view, and cancel from the DB Console.
The DB Console now displays a notification to alert customers without an Enterprise license to upcoming license changes.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug where NaN or Inf could not be used as the default value for a parameter in statements.
Fix a bug in which or queries using SKIP LOCKED and a LIMIT and/or an OFFSET could return incorrect results under isolation. This bug was present when support for SKIP LOCKED under READ COMMITTED isolation was introduced in v24.1.0.
Fixed a bug in which some or queries using SKIP LOCKED could still block on locked rows when using under isolation. This bug was present when optimizer_use_lock_op_for_serializable was introduced in v23.2.0.
Fixed a bug in which would erroneously return NULL for some settings.
input parameters can no longer have the VOID type.
Fixed a bug in that could prevent a node from starting if it crashed during a failover.
Fixed a bug where starting up nodes could fail with could not insert session...: unexpected value if an ambiguous result error was hit while inserting into the sqlliveness table.
Internally issued queries that are not initiated within a SQL session no longer respect a statement timeout. This includes: , queries issued by the DB Console that perform introspection, and the Cloud .
Fixed a rare bug in that could cause it to fail with an error like timed out: value differs between local setting and KV.
Fixed a bug where the did not prevent a table from being referenced by a .
Fixed a bug that could cause to hang after encountering transient errors from the .
Fixed a bug where the session variable would overly aggressively prevent all statements from working.
Fixed a slow-building memory leak that could occur when using .
Fixed a bug that could result in the inability to garbage collect an range tombstone within a .
Fixed a potential memory leak in changefeeds using a . The memory leak could occur if both and changefeed.cloudstorage.async_flush.enabled are true and the changefeed received an error while attempting to write to the cloud storage sink.
Fixed a bug that prevented buffered file sinks from being included when iterating over all file sinks. This led to problems such as the debug zip command not being able to fetch logs for a cluster where buffering was enabled.

Contributors

This release includes 94 merged PRs by 38 authors.

v24.2.2

Release Date: September 23, 2024

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.2

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that could result in the inability to garbage collect an range tombstone within a .

Contributors

This release includes 3 merged PRs by 2 authors.

v24.2.1

Release Date: September 5, 2024

Downloads

This patch release has been withdrawn. We’ve removed the links to the downloads and Docker image.All the changes listed as part of this release will be in the next release. Do not upgrade to this release.

Security updates

The new cluster setting server.jwt_authentication.issuers.configuration is now aliased to . The new cluster setting reflects the value the setting can take. The setting can now take multiple values to support various kinds of providers and their mapped JWKS URIs. This can be set to one of the following values:
- Simple string that Go can parse as a valid issuer URL: 'https://accounts.google.com'.
- String that can be parsed as a valid JSON array of issuer URLs list: ['example.com/adfs','https://accounts.google.com'].
- String that can be parsed as a valid JSON and deserialized into a map of issuer URLs to corresponding JWKS URIs. In this case, CockroachDB will override the JWKS URI present in the issuer’s well-known endpoint: '{ "issuer_jwks_map": { "https://accounts.google.com": "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/certs", "example.com/adfs": "https://example.com/adfs/discovery/keys" } }'. When issuer_jwks_map is set, CockroachDB directly uses the JWKS URI to get the key set. In all other cases where is set, CockroachDB attempts to automatically obtain the JWKS URI first from the issuer’s well-known endpoint.

Enterprise edition changes

The new Kafka is now enabled by default. To disable it, set the cluster setting to false.
The new Kafka sink and the Google Cloud Pub/Sub sink now display the topics that a changefeed will emit to.

Operational changes

The cluster setting can be set to false if a pathological huge happens to occur in a cluster, and incoming of that range are causing .
Two new structured logging events report connection breakage during node shutdown. Previously, these logs existed but were unstructured. These logs appear in the .
- The event is logged after the timeout defined by transpires, if there are still .
- The event is logged after the timeout defined by transpires, if there are still open on those SQL connections.

DB Console changes

Corrected the series names in the legend for the on the by removing the `KV write ’ prefix.
Hovering on graphs on now highlights the line under the mouse pointer and displays the corresponding value near the mouse pointer.

Bug fixes

Fixed a memory leak that could occur when a connection string specifies a that does not exist.
Fixed a bug where would not correctly short-circuit if the given index already existed.
Fixed a bug where syntax validation incorrectly prevented use of the DESCENDING clause for non-terminal columns of an . Now only the last column of an inverted index is prevented from using DESCENDING.
Fixed a bug where an could store a column in the primary index if that column had a mixed-case name.
Setting or dropping a default value on a is now disallowed — even for null defaults. Previously, setting or dropping a default value on a computed column was a no-op; now it is an error.
Fixed a bug where a hash-sharded constraint could not be created if it referred to a column that had a backslash in its name.
Fixed a bug introduced in v23.1 where the output of for various CREATE statements was not redacted. This bug affects the following statements:
- EXPLAIN (OPT, REDACT) CREATE TABLE
- EXPLAIN (OPT, REDACT) CREATE VIEW
- EXPLAIN (OPT, REDACT) CREATE FUNCTION
Fixed a bug where legacy and could be executed concurrently, which could lead to failing or hung schema change jobs.
Fixed a bug that caused errors like ERROR: column 'crdb_internal_idx_expr' does not exist when accessing a table with an where the expression evaluates to an , such as CREATE INDEX ON t ((col::an_enum)).

v24.2.0

Release Date: August 12, 2024 With the release of CockroachDB v24.2, we’ve added new capabilities to help you migrate, build, and operate more efficiently. Refer to our summary of the most significant user-facing changes under Feature Highlights.

Downloads

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach:v24.2.0

Feature highlights

This section summarizes the most significant user-facing changes in v24.2.0 and other features recently made available to CockroachDB users across versions. For a complete list of features and changes in v24.2, including bug fixes and performance improvements, refer to the release notes for previous v24.2 testing releases. You can also search the docs for sections labeled .

Feature categories
Additional information

In CockroachDB Self-Hosted, all available features are free to use unless their description specifies that an Enterprise license is required. For more information, refer to the .

Change Data Capture

Feature	Availability
Feature	Ver.	Self-Hosted	Dedicated	Serverless
CockroachDB Changefeeds - Improved null handling usability Changefeed users can distinguish between JSON `NULL` values and SQL `NULL` values in changefeed messages, by using the `encode_json_value_null_as_object` option with `CREATE CHANGEFEED`. This enables a consumer to distinguish an unset value from a null JSON token.	24.2

Migrations

Feature	Availability
Feature	Ver.	Self-Hosted	Dedicated	Serverless
MOLT tooling is now available as a Docker container Users can now deploy CockroachDB’s MOLT and tools using a multi-platform Docker image that supports both `linux/amd64` and `linux/arm64` architectures. For installation details, refer to .	All^★★
MOLT Fetch transformation rules Column exclusion, computed columns, and partitioned tables are now supported in table migrations with MOLT Fetch. They are supported via a new that allows the user to specify a JSON file with instructions on how MOLT Fetch should treat certain schemas, tables, or underlying columns.	All^★★

SQL

Feature	Availability
Feature	Ver.	Self-Hosted	Dedicated	Serverless
Vector search Users can now store `VECTOR` embeddings within CockroachDB with `pgvector`-compatible semantics to build AI-driven applications. Numerous built-in functions have been added for running similarity search across vectors. Note that vector indexing is not supported in this release. This feature is in Preview.	24.2
Generic query plans Users can now enable generic query plans. Generic query plans optimize query execution for prepared statements by reusing precompiled query plans, and significantly reduce the CPU overhead associated with parsing and planning repeated queries, at the expense of plan quality. This feature is in Preview.	24.2
COMMENT ON TYPE CockroachDB users can now annotate a type with a comment and reference the comment later for documentation purposes.	24.2

Operations

Feature	Availability
Feature	Ver.	Self-Hosted	Dedicated	Serverless
CockroachDB Cloud Terraform Provider - Operations at scale This release includes updates to enhance operations at scale using the CockroachDB Cloud Terraform Provider across multiple Terraform projects. A new Resource for User Role Grants makes it easier to manage user account access to clusters across projects. A new Data Source for Folders allows better access to clusters organized in folders across multiple projects. A new Service Account Resource brings CockroachDB Cloud API access under Terraform management.	All^★★
Support for Optional Innovation Releases As of v24.2, CockroachDB has shifted from a 6-month to a 3-month cycle. The additional versions, called Innovation releases, are optional and can be skipped for CockroachDB Dedicated and Self-Hosted, but are required for CockroachDB Serverless. Innovation releases have shorter support windows than Regular releases. Users can upgrade directly from a Regular release to the next Regular release, without needing to upgrade to the intermediary Innovation release. In CockroachDB Dedicated, users can now choose to deploy or upgrade a cluster on any supported version. CockroachDB Serverless clusters continue to receive all major versions and patches for both Innovation releases and Regular releases as they become available.	24.2			(not skippable)

Observability

Feature	Availability
Feature	Ver.	Self-Hosted	Dedicated	Serverless
CockroachDB Dedicated clusters on Azure now integrate with Azure Monitor for metrics and logs (limited access) to Azure Monitor Logs and to Azure Monitor Metrics and Prometheus-compatible metric sinks from your CockroachDB Dedicated cluster hosted on Azure is now supported in Limited Access.	All^★
Improved Overload Dashboard Updates to the Overload dashboard include moving important metrics nearer the top and adding more informative tooltips. These enhancements aim to help users more easily identify when Admission Control mechanisms are activated due to overload.	v24.2

Feature detail key
★	Features marked “All*” were recently made available in the CockroachDB Cloud platform. They are available for all supported versions of CockroachDB, under the deployment methods specified in their row under Availability.
★★	Features marked “All**” were recently made available via tools maintained outside of the CockroachDB binary. They are available to use with all supported versions of CockroachDB, under the deployment methods specified in their row under Availability.
	Feature is available for this deployment method of CockroachDB as specified in the icon’s column: CockroachDB Self-Hosted, CockroachDB Dedicated, or CockroachDB Serverless.
	Feature is not available for this deployment method of CockroachDB as specified in the icon’s column: CockroachDB Self-Hosted, CockroachDB Dedicated, or CockroachDB Serverless.

Backward-incompatible changes and deprecations

CockroachDB v24.2.0 includes no backward-incompatible changes or deprecations.

Features that require upgrade finalization

During a major-version upgrade, certain features and performance improvements may not be available until the upgrade is finalized. However, when upgrading to v24.2, all features are available immediately, and no features require finalization.

Key Cluster Setting Changes

The following changes should be reviewed prior to upgrading. Default cluster settings will be used unless you have manually set a value for a setting. This can be confirmed by running the SQL statement SELECT * FROM system.settings to view the non-default settings.

Settings added
Settings removed
Settings with changed defaults
Settings with new options
Settings with new aliases

Settings added

debug.zip.redact_addresses: Added the debug.zip.redact_addresses.enabled that allows the user to enable or disable redaction of fields like hostname and IP addresses.
kv.transaction.randomized_anchor_key: Previously, concurrent transactions that constructed large write batches could cause . This was because the for all would coalesce on a single range, which would then cause this range’s to perform all intent resolution work. This is fixed by distributing transaction records randomly across the ranges the write batch touches. In turn, hotspots are prevented.
server.oidc_authentication.client.timeout: The new server.oidc_authentication.client.timeout allows configuration of the HTTP client timeout for external requests made during . The default timeout is 30 seconds.
sql.auth.grant_option_for_owner.enabled: The new controls whether the owner of an object has permission to grant permission on the object to other . When set to true (the default), the is implicitly granted to the object owner, who can grant permissions on the object to other users, preserving the existing behavior of CockroachDB. When set to false, the GRANT OPTION is not implicitly given to the owner of an object. The owner’s permissions do not change, but they can no longer grant permissions to others unless the GRANT OPTION is granted to them explicitly.
sql.auth.grant_option_inheritance.enabled: Added the . The default value is true, which maintains consistency with CockroachDB’s previous behavior: users granted a privilege with can in turn grant that privilege to others. When sql.auth.grant_option_inheritance.enabled is set to false, the GRANT OPTION is not inherited through role membership, thereby preventing descendant roles from granting the privilege to others. However, the privilege itself continues to be inherited through role membership.
storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_storage, storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_transport: Added two new , storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_storage and storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_transport, which in addition to the existing cluster setting storage.sstable.compression_algorithm, can be used to alter the compression algorithm used for various types of .

Settings removed

kv.rangefeed.range_stuck_threshold: Removed the stuck rangefeed cancel feature and its related kv.rangefeed.range_stuck_threshold, because it was only available in . Previously, the stuck rangefeed cancel feature was introduced to restart single rangefeeds automatically if they had not received KV updates for some time.
storage.value_blocks.enabled: The storage.value_blocks.enabled has been removed; value blocks are always enabled.

Settings with changed defaults

kv.dist_sender.circuit_breakers.mode has had its default changed to liveness range only = 1.
sql.defaults.results_buffer.size has had its default changed to 512 KiB: The default value of the sql.defaults.results_buffer.size has been changed from 16KiB to 512KiB. This reduces the chance that clients using transactions will encounter errors that cannot automatically be retried within CockroachDB.
sql.metrics.max_mem_stmt_fingerprints and sql.metrics.max_mem_txn_fingerprints have had their defaults changed to 7500: The default values for the sql.metrics.max_mem_stmt_fingerprints and sql.metrics.max_mem_txn_fingerprints have been changed from 100000 to 7500, thus lowering the default limits for in-memory statement and transaction fingerprints.
sql.stats.histogram_samples.count has had its default changed to 0: Histograms are no longer constructed using a default sample size of 10k. Samples are now sized dynamically based on table size unless the sample count has been set in the table or .
sql.ttl.default_delete_rate_limit has had its default changed to 100: The storage parameter ttl_delete_rate_limit, which determines the rate limit for deleting expired rows, is now set to 100 by default.

Settings with new options

storage.sstable.compression_algorithm has added the option none = 3: The compression option none was added to allow for the disabling of SSTable compression. This option is disabled by default, but can can be used with any of the three existing cluster settings that control SSTable compression: storage.sstable.compression_algorithm, storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_storage, and storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_transport.

Settings with new aliases

changefeed.batch_reduction_retry.enabled is aliased to changefeed.batch_reduction_retry_enabled.
kv.closed_timestamp.follower_reads.enabled is aliased to kv.closed_timestamp.follower_reads_enabled.
kv.range_split.by_load.enabled is aliased to kv.range_split.by_load_enabled.
kv.transaction.write_pipelining.enabled is aliased to kv.transaction.write_pipelining_enabled.
kv.transaction.write_pipelining.max_batch_size is aliased to kv.transaction.write_pipelining_max_batch_size.
physical_replication.consumer.minimum_flush_interval is aliased to builkio.stream_ingestion.minimum_flush_interval.
server.clock.forward_jump_check.enabled is aliased to server.clock.forward_jump_check_enabled.
server.oidc_authentication.autologin.enabled is aliased to server.oidc_authentication.autologin.
server.shutdown.connections.timeout is aliased to server.shutdown.connection_wait.
server.shutdown.initial_wait is aliased to server.shutdown.drain_wait.
server.shutdown.jobs.timeout is aliased to server.shutdown.jobs_wait.
server.shutdown.lease_transfer_iteration.timeout is aliased to server.shutdown.lease_transfer_wait.
server.shutdown.transactions.timeout is aliased to server.shutdown.query_wait.
server.web_session.timeout is aliased to server.web_session_timeout.
spanconfig.range_coalescing.application.enabled is aliased to spanconfig.tenant_coalesce_adjacent.enabled.
spanconfig.range_coalescing.system.enabled is aliased to spanconfig.storage_coalesce_adjacent.enabled.
sql.log.all_statements.enabled is aliased to sql.trace.log_statement_execute.
sql.metrics.statement_details.dump_to_logs.enabled is aliased to sql.metrics.statement_details.dump_to_logs.
trace.debug_http_endpoint.enabled is aliased to trace.debug.enable.

Known limitations

For information about new and unresolved limitations in CockroachDB v24.2, with suggested workarounds where applicable, refer to .

Additional resources

Resource	Topic	Description
Cockroach University	Introduction to Distributed SQL and CockroachDB	This course introduces the core concepts behind distributed SQL databases and describes how CockroachDB fits into this landscape. You will learn what differentiates CockroachDB from both legacy SQL and NoSQL databases and how CockroachDB ensures consistent transactions without sacrificing scale and resiliency. You’ll learn about CockroachDB’s seamless horizontal scalability, distributed transactions with strict ACID guarantees, and high availability and resilience.
Cockroach University	Practical First Steps with CockroachDB	This course will give you the tools you need to get started with CockroachDB. During the course, you will learn how to spin up a cluster, use the Admin UI to monitor cluster activity, and use SQL shell to solve a set of hands-on exercises.
Cockroach University	Enterprise Application Development with CockroachDB	This course is the first in a series designed to equip you with best practices for mastering application-level (client-side) transaction management in CockroachDB. We’ll dive deep on common differences between CockroachDB and legacy SQL databases and help you sidestep challenges you might encounter when migrating to CockroachDB from Oracle, PostgreSQL, and MySQL.
Cockroach University	Building a Highly Resilient Multi-region Database using CockroachDB	This course is part of a series introducing solutions to running low-latency, highly resilient applications for data-intensive workloads on CockroachDB. In this course we focus on surviving large-scale infrastructure failures like losing an entire cloud region without losing data during recovery. We’ll show you how to use CockroachDB survival goals in a multi-region cluster to implement a highly resilient database that survives node or network failures across multiple regions with zero data loss.
Docs		This page summarizes the steps of migrating a database to CockroachDB, which include testing and updating your schema to work with CockroachDB, moving your data into CockroachDB, and testing and updating your application.
Docs	Architecture Overview	This page provides a starting point for understanding the architecture and design choices that enable CockroachDB’s scalability and consistency capabilities.
Docs	SQL Feature Support	The page summarizes the standard SQL features CockroachDB supports as well as common extensions to the standard.
Docs	Change Data Capture Overview	This page summarizes CockroachDB’s data streaming capabilities. Change data capture (CDC) provides efficient, distributed, row-level changefeeds into a configurable sink for downstream processing such as reporting, caching, or full-text indexing.
Docs	Backup Architecture	This page describes the backup job workflow with a high-level overview, diagrams, and more details on each phase of the job.

v24.2.0-rc.1

Release Date: August 7, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-rc.1 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-rc.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-rc.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-rc.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-rc.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-rc.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-rc.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-rc.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-rc.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-rc.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-rc.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-rc.1

Enterprise edition changes

Added a new Kafka that uses the franz-go library and CockroachDB’s batching_sink implementation. The new Kafka sink can be enabled with the cluster setting, which is disabled by default.
The v2 Kafka now supports Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (MSK) IAM SASL authentication.

DB Console changes

The and pages in the will show a loading state while loading information for databases and tables including size and range counts.
On the page, the table name will no longer appear with quotes around the schema and table name.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that caused a memory leak when executing SQL statements with comments, for example, SELECT /* comment */ 1;. Memory owned by a SQL session would continue to grow as these types of statements were executed. The memory would only be released when closing the . This bug has been present since v23.1.
Fixed a bug in generation where an error was produced while fetching unstructured/malformed .
Fixed small memory leaks that occur during .
Fixed a in which could fail. Users can now protect data for the of 4 hours on both the primary and the standby clusters.

Contributors

This release includes 29 merged PRs by 21 authors.

v24.2.0-beta.3

Release Date: August 1, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-beta.3 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.3.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.3.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.3.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.3.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.3.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.3.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.3.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.3.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.3.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.3.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-beta.3

Command-line changes

A --locality-file flag is now available on the and commands. This provides the option of specifing node (typically a region value) as a file, as an alternative to specifying this using the .

Bug fixes

Fixed a formatting issue with the sql_sequence_cached_node value of the serial_normalization . This could lead to an error connecting to CockroachDB if this value was set as the default for serial_normalization via cluster setting .
Dropping -type values which were referenced by could fail with an error.

This release includes 13 merged PRs by 7 authors.

v24.2.0-beta.2

Release Date: July 24, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-beta.2 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-beta.2

Security updates

URLs in the following SQL statements are now sanitized of any secrets before being written to .

SQL language changes

The new controls whether the owner of an object has permission to grant permission on the object to other . When set to true (the default), the is is implicitly granted to the object owner, who can grant permissions on the object to other users, preserving the existing behavior of CockroachDB. When set to false, the GRANT OPTION is not implicitly given to the owner of an object. The owner’s permissions do not change, but they can no longer grant permissions to others unless the GRANT OPTION is granted to them explicitly.
Fixed a bug in which the DISCARD statement was disallowed when the default_transaction_read_only = on.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that could cause and statements to fail if the corresponding table contained columns with non-standard characters in their names, such as tabs or newlines. This bug was introduced along with in v2.0.
Fixed a bug introduced in v23.2 that could cause a to crash while executing an statement in a table.
Fixed a bug where a could hang if the stopped receiving updates.

Contributors

This release includes 45 merged PRs by 18 authors.

v24.2.0-beta.1

Release Date: July 18, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-beta.1 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-beta.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-beta.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-beta.1

Security updates

Added support for a custom certificate authority (CA) to verify certificates from the JWT issuer domain, which hosts the JSON Web Key Set (JWKS) configuration that is fetched to validate JWT, along with the new server.jwt_authentication.issuer_custom_ca to set the custom root CA.

General changes

status changes now log events to the , to indicate the previous and new status of the job.

Enterprise edition changes

The new server.oidc_authentication.client.timeout allows configuration of the HTTP client timeout for external calls made during . The default timeout is 30 seconds.
The now supports authentication using AWS IAM roles, providing a more secure method for connecting to AWS Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (MSK) clusters.

SQL language changes

Added pgvector encoding, decoding, and operators, without index acceleration.
Added support for generic query plans to the to reduce the computational burden of query optimization by caching and reusing plans in later executions of the same statement. “Custom” query plans are optimized on every execution, while “generic” plans are optimized once and reused on future executions. Generic query plans are beneficial in cases where query optimization contributes significant overhead to the total cost of executing a query.
- When the plan_cache_mode is set to auto, the system automatically determines whether to use custom or generic query plans for the execution of a prepared statement.
- When the plan_cache_mode is set to force_generic_plan, prepared statements will reuse optimized query plans without re-optimization, as long as the plans do not become stale due to schema changes or new table statistics.
- The setting is used during EXECUTE commands and the EXPLAIN ANALYZE output includes a plan type field that displays: generic, re-optimized if the plan is optimized for the current execution, generic, reused if the plan is reused without re-optimization, or custom for other plans.
The output of for a role now includes privileges inherited from the public role, which is a defined on every cluster.

Operational changes

For the , TCL sampled_query events will now be sampled at the rate specified by the setting sql.telemetry.query_sampling.max_event_frequency, which is already used to limit the rate of sampling DML statements.
The encode-uri command now supports the --certs-dir option as an alternative to passing individual certificate paths.
Changed the metric type of runtime metrics that are semantically counters from GAUGE to COUNTER.
- storage.disk.io.time
- storage.disk.read.bytes
- storage.disk.read.count
- storage.disk.read.time
- storage.disk.weightedio.time
- storage.disk.write.bytes
- storage.disk.write.count
- storage.disk.write.time
- sys.cgocalls
- sys.cpu.now.ns
- sys.cpu.sys.ns
- sys.cpu.user.ns
- sys.gc.assist.ns
- sys.gc.count
- sys.gc.pause.ns
- sys.go.heap.allocbytes
- sys.host.disk.io.time
- sys.host.disk.read.bytes
- sys.host.disk.read.count
- sys.host.disk.read.time
- sys.host.disk.weightedio.time
- sys.host.disk.write.bytes
- sys.host.disk.write.count
- sys.host.disk.write.time
- sys.host.net.recv.bytes
- sys.host.net.recv.drop
- sys.host.net.recv.err
- sys.host.net.recv.packets
- sys.host.net.send.bytes
- sys.host.net.send.drop
- sys.host.net.send.err
- sys.host.net.send.packets
- sys.uptime

Command-line changes

The new --shutdown flag of the command shuts down the node automatically after draining successfully completes.

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug on the node list of the page where the icons present on certain tables to expand and collapse expandable rows did not work.
Fixed a bug that prevented fast path inserts into regional by row tables with uniqueness constraints under isolation.
Fixed a bug where the sql.stats.discarded.current omitted discarded statements from its count. Both discarded statements and transactions are included in the metric.
Fixed a bug where the could crash if range information is not available.
Fixed a bug that caused to incorrectly respect a statement timeout.
Fixed a bug when with the (disabled by default) where the merged statistic could contain inaccurate DISTINCT counts.
Fixed bug where a for a partition key could disappear during truncation.

Performance improvements

The efficiency of merging partial statistics into existing has been improved.
The now generates more efficient plans for queries with clauses like ORDER BY col ASC NULLS LAST and ORDER BY col DESC NULLS FIRST when col is guaranteed to not be NULL.

Contributors

This release includes 96 merged PRs by 49 authors.

v24.2.0-alpha.2

Release Date: July 10, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-alpha.2 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.2.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.2.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.2.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.2.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.2.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-alpha.2

General changes

The compression option none was added to allow for the disabling of SSTable compression. This option can be used with any of the three existing cluster settings that control SSTable compression:

SQL language changes

Added the . The default value is true, which maintains consistency with CockroachDB’s previous behavior: users granted a privilege with can in turn grant that privilege to others. When sql.auth.grant_option_inheritance.enabled is set to false, the GRANT OPTION is not inherited through role membership, thereby preventing descendant roles from granting the privilege to others. However, the privilege itself continues to be inherited through role membership.
The table now has a column named attishidden, which indicates if the table column or attribute is .

Bug fixes

Fixed a bug that could cause internal errors when a had polymorphic parameters or a polymorphic return type or both. The bug has existed since v22.2 when were introduced.
In output, the name of an is now formatted as a two-part name ( schema.enum_type ) instead of a three-part name ( database.schema.enum_type ). This change makes it easier to apply the output with enum types to other databases.
When with the , the alteration now preserves the hidden attribute in the column. Additionally, type alterations for columns with expressions or expressions are now allowed.
Fixed a bug where a that shared a name with a would not be resolved, even if the UDF had higher precedence according to the variable.
Expressions of type BYTES[] are now correctly formatted in tables.
Fixed a bug that could cause spurious user permission errors when multiple databases shared a common schema with a routine referencing a table. The bug has existed since v22.2 when were introduced.
are now included in the indkey column of .
Fixed a bug when inputting public role as user name for , such as has_database_privilege and has_schema_privilege.
Fixed a bug when a database with a .
Fixed a bug when with the (which is disabled by default) where it would occasionally use incorrect extreme values and collect no stats. This bug occurred when outer buckets were added to the previous histogram to account for extra distinct count.
In the , events now display correctly even when no are included in the ALTER ROLE statement.
Fixed a bug where could fail if any tables under the given database have .

Performance improvements

Starting a cockroach process will no longer flush to unless the process is running under systemd, where cockroach runs with the NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variable.

Contributors

This release includes 130 merged PRs by 42 authors.

v24.2.0-alpha.1

Release Date: July 1, 2024

Downloads

CockroachDB v24.2.0-alpha.1 is a testing release. Testing releases are intended for testing and experimentation only, and are not qualified for production environments and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments.

Experimental downloads are not qualified for production use and not eligible for support or uptime SLA commitments, whether they are for testing releases or production releases.

Operating System	Architecture	Full executable	SQL-only executable
Linux	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.1.linux-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Linux	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.1.linux-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.1.darwin-10.9-amd64.tgz (SHA256)
Mac (Experimental)	ARM	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.1.darwin-11.0-arm64.tgz (SHA256)
Windows (Experimental)	Intel	cockroach-v24.2.0-alpha.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)	cockroach-sql-v24.2.0-alpha.1.windows-6.2-amd64.zip (SHA256)

Docker image

docker pull cockroachdb/cockroach-unstable:v24.2.0-alpha.1

General changes

The following were added for observability into the source of :
- storage.category-pebble-wal.bytes-written
- storage.category-pebble-compaction.bytes-written
- storage.category-pebble-ingestion.bytes-written
- storage.category-pebble-memtable-flush.bytes-written
- storage.category-raft-snapshot.bytes-written
- storage.category-encryption-registry.bytes-written
- storage.category-crdb-log.bytes-written
- storage.category-sql-row-spill.bytes-written
- storage.category-sql-col-spill.bytes-written
- storage.category-unspecified.bytes-written
The storage.value_blocks.enabled has been removed; value blocks are always enabled.
The following were added for improved observability into :
- storage.disk.read-max.bytespersecond
- storage.disk.write-max.bytespersecond
Added two new , storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_storage and storage.sstable.compression_algorithm_backup_transport, which in addition to the existing cluster setting storage.sstable.compression_algorithm, can be used to alter the compression algorithm used for various types of .

Enterprise edition changes

SHOW CHANGEFEED JOB, , and no longer expose user sensitive information like client_key.
Added the new option to JSON-formatted that outputs 'null'::jsonb as {"__crdb_json_null__": true} instead of null, to disambiguate between SQL-null and JSON-null. With this option enabled, if the literal value {"__crdb_json_null__": true} is present in a JSON value, it will have the same representation as JSON-null with this option enabled. If such a value is encountered in a changefeed, a (rate-limited) warning will be printed to the .
Added an error message for options and parameters that are not supported by the .
now pause after being onto a different cluster, and after completion of to avoid inadvertent concurrent execution of the same schedule on multiple clusters.
The DEBUG_PAUSE_ON option has been removed and replaced with the restore.restore_after_failure point to match other pause points used throughout CockroachDB. You can set this pause point by running: SET CLUSTER SETTING jobs.debug.pausepoints = 'restore.after_restore_failure'.

SQL language changes

Default schema privilege changes will now be reflected and can be monitored in the table.
The schema of the virtual table now matches exactly that of PostgreSQL versions 14–16. The following changes are applied:
- proisagg and proiswindow columns are removed (done in v11).
- protransform column is removed (done in v12).
- prosqlbody column is added (done in v14).
- prosupport and prokind columns are moved into their correct spot (these were incorrectly present at the end of the columns list).
Added and SHOW EXTERNAL CONNECTION <connection name>. These queries display redacted connection URIs and other useful information, such as the connection type. Access to these queries is restricted to the owner of the connection or users with USAGE privilege. admin or root users will have unrestricted access to all connections.
Using the query without the option could contend with concurrent transactions and cost performance. Running CREATE STATISTICS without specifying AS OF SYSTEM TIME now uses a default of -1us.
The nodes field of the output has been renamed to sql nodes to clarify that this field describes SQL processing and it does not include any information about KV nodes that might have participated in the query execution.
output now has a new field KV nodes that includes all KV nodes that were used to serve read requests by a particular SQL operator.
Fixed the Regions field in the output to include regions of KV nodes. Previously, only regions of SQL nodes involved in query processing were included.
Allow to be created over stored . However, most ON UPDATE and ON DELETE options for foreign key constraints are not allowed with computed columns. Only ON UPDATE (NO ACTION|RESTRICT) and ON DELETE (NO ACTION|RESTRICT|CASCADE) are supported.
output now has a new field used follower read to SQL operators whenever their reads were served by the follower replicas. Previously, this information was only available in the trace.
The new attribute historical: AS OF SYSTEM TIME... is now included in output whenever the query performs .
statements are now supported when executed via UI SQL shell.
Histograms are no longer constructed using a default sample size of 10k. Samples are now dynamically sized based on table size unless the sample count has been set in the table or .
The will now generate plans utilizing partial indexes with IS NOT NULL predicates in more cases.
The statement now includes user-defined composite types. It omitted those types ever since composite types were added in v23.1.
Added the statement for implicit transactions.

Operational changes

Added a distinction between ( row ) and ( resolved ) messages in some changefeed metrics.
Modified the default Grafana dashboards to include a breakdown by type for the changefeed_emitted_rows .
Updated the generated doc descriptions for system visible to reflect these are read-only for CockroachDB Serverless and read-write for the other deployments.
Added the debug.zip.redact_addresses.enabled that allows the user to enable or disable redaction of fields like hostname and IP addresses.
Improved reporting over volumes that dynamically change their size over the life of the cockroach process.
crdb_internal.cluster_execution_insights.txt and crdb_internal.cluster_txn_execution_insights.txt have been removed from the . These files contained cluster-wide insights for statements and transactions. Users can still rely on the insights in crdb_internal.node_execution_insights.txt and crdb_internal.node_txn_execution_insights.txt.
Removed the stuck rangefeed cancel feature and its related kv.rangefeed.range_stuck_threshold, because it was only available in . Previously, the stuck rangefeed cancel feature was introduced to restart single rangefeeds automatically if they had not received KV updates for some time.
Fixed a bug where collection of debug information for very long-running could use excessive space in the job_info system table and/or cause some interactions with the jobs system to become slow.
All system tables are now visible in application that were created before v24.1.

DB Console changes

The Goroutine Scheduling Latency graph has been added to the .
Updated the time format to use a . (dot) as separation between seconds and milliseconds, which affects many pages in the .
The now contains a graph categorizing disk writes that contribute to sys.host.disk.write.bytes according to the source of the write (WAL, compactions, SSTable ingestion, memtable flushes, raft snapshots, encryption registry, logs, SQL columnar spill, or SQL row spill).
The favicon now renders properly for the along with other image files.
The color of Unavailable Ranges in the of the is now red when nonzero.
Removed the $ sign on the and pages in the .
Added two graphs to the that display count and size of L0 SSTables in . This provides increased visibility into L0 compaction issues.
Removed the p95 metrics from the tooltip on the graph of the , because there are no p95 values computed for any of the metrics.
Updated the graphs to show most metrics on a basis when viewing a single node’s metrics. This provides increased visibility into issues caused by specific stores on each node.

Bug fixes

Fixed a crash introduced in v23.2.5 and v24.1.0-beta.2 that could occur when planning on a table with a using a user-defined type when the newly introduced sql.stats.virtual_computed_columns.enabled is set to true. This setting was introduced in v23.2.4 and v24.1.0-alpha.1.
Fixed handling in the when columns are included in the clause of . It now checks if the column is beforehand, and properly detects when a column is already handled by an existing index when the column name has UTF-8 characters.
Fixed an issue where with a default value of an empty array would not succeed.
will now fail with a well-formed error message and code 42601 if a statement tries to add a on an expression.
Resolved a log message that read: expiration of liveness record... is not greater than expiration of the previous lease... after liveness heartbeat. This message is no longer possible.
Fixed a bug in v24.1, v23.2, and v23.1 where using the changefeed.aggregator.flush_jitter with set to 0 could cause panics.
Fixed a bug where the would be created with the wrong owner. Previously, the would own the public schema. Now the database owner is also the owner of the public schema. The ownership can be altered after the schema is created.
Previously, CockroachDB would hit an internal error when evaluating inserts into tables where the source is a clause with a single row and at least one boolean expression. The bug was introduced in v23.2.0 and is now fixed.
Fixed a bug in where an error code was misreported for canceled queries. This bug affected the (slow query logs) and (sql exec logs) logging channels.
Fixed a bug in which constant LIKE patterns containing certain sequences of backslashes did not become constrained scans. This bug has been present since v21.1.13 when support for building constrained scans from LIKE patterns containing backslashes was added.
Fixed a bug introduced in v22.1 where does not recognize the flag.
Fixed a bug where with could hit undefined column errors on .
Fixed a bug where some DDL and administrative statements used within a would fail with an unrecognized relational expression type internal error.
Fixed a bug in where the command fails when a custom SQL port is used and the flag is provided.
Attempts to alter the data type of a column used in a expression are now blocked.
Fixed the statistics estimation code in the so it does not use the empty histograms produced if has been disabled during stats collection due to excessive memory utilization. Now the optimizer will rely on distinct counts instead of the empty histograms and should produce better plans as a result. This bug has existed since CockroachDB v22.1.

Performance improvements

More efficient are now generated for queries with , e.g., text_col % 'foobar'. These plans are generated if the optimizer_use_trigram_similarity_optimization is enabled, which it is by default. This setting is disabled by default in previous versions.
that cause a data backfill, such as adding a non-nullable column or changing the primary key, will now split and scatter the temporary indexes used to perform the change. This reduces the chance of causing a write hotspot that can slow down foreground traffic.
Multiple or large numbers of on tables and types within one now run faster.
are now removed from when the optimizer can prove that no rows would be locked.
Some privilege checks when scanning the internal table now happen once before the scan, instead of once for each row. This will improve performance for queries that read from crdb_internal.system_jobs.
Improved the initial range descriptor scan on startup. should now be faster on larger stores.
Previously, concurrent transactions that constructed large write batches could cause . This was because the for all would coalesce on a single range, which would then cause this range’s to perform all intent resolution work. This is fixed by distributing transaction records randomly across the ranges the write batch touches. In turn, hotspots are prevented.

Contributors

This release includes 1234 merged PRs by 97 authors.

v24.3 Release notes v24.1 Release notes

​v24.2.10

​Downloads

​Docker image

​General changes

​SQL language changes

​Operational changes

​Bug fixes

​v24.2.9

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Bug fixes

​v24.2.8

​Downloads

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​General changes

​SQL language changes

​Operational changes

​Bug fixes

​Performance improvements

​v24.2.7

​Downloads

​Docker image

​SQL language changes

​v24.2.6

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Security updates

​General changes

​Operational changes

​Bug fixes

​v24.2.5

​Downloads

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​Security updates

​General changes

​DB Console changes

​Bug fixes

​Performance improvements

​v24.2.4

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Enterprise edition changes

​SQL language changes

​Operational changes

​DB Console changes

​Bug fixes

​Performance improvements

​v24.2.3

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Enterprise edition changes

​Operational changes

​DB Console changes

​Bug fixes

​Contributors

​v24.2.2

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Bug fixes

​Contributors

​v24.2.1

​Downloads

​Security updates

​Enterprise edition changes

​Operational changes

​DB Console changes

​Bug fixes

​v24.2.0

​Downloads

​Docker image

​Feature highlights

​Change Data Capture

​Migrations

​SQL

​Operations

​Observability

​Backward-incompatible changes and deprecations

​Features that require upgrade finalization

​Key Cluster Setting Changes

Settings added

v24.2.10

Downloads

Docker image

General changes

SQL language changes

Operational changes

Bug fixes

v24.2.9

Downloads

Docker image

Bug fixes

v24.2.8

Downloads

Docker image

General changes

SQL language changes

Operational changes

Bug fixes

Performance improvements

v24.2.7

Downloads

Docker image

SQL language changes

v24.2.6

Downloads

Docker image

Security updates

General changes

Operational changes

Bug fixes

v24.2.5

Downloads

Docker image

Security updates

General changes

DB Console changes

Bug fixes

Performance improvements

v24.2.4

Downloads

Docker image

Enterprise edition changes

SQL language changes

Operational changes

DB Console changes

Bug fixes

Performance improvements

v24.2.3

Downloads

Docker image

Enterprise edition changes

Operational changes

DB Console changes

Bug fixes

Contributors

v24.2.2

Downloads

Docker image

Bug fixes

Contributors

v24.2.1

Downloads

Security updates

Enterprise edition changes

Operational changes

DB Console changes

Bug fixes

v24.2.0

Downloads

Docker image

Feature highlights

Change Data Capture

Migrations

SQL

Operations

Observability

Backward-incompatible changes and deprecations

Features that require upgrade finalization

Key Cluster Setting Changes

Known limitations